A biography of Robert Frost including his decendence. education, and information about his family. This essay covers Frosts life from childhood to death.

A biography of Robert Frost including his decendence. education, and information about his family. This essay covers Frosts life from childhood to death. Robert Lee Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26, 1874. His father, William Prescott Frost, was a native of New England, and his mother, Isabelle Moodie Frost, was a Scotswoman who emigrated from Edinburgh. She went to school in Columbus, Ohio, and became a schoolteacher. Isabelle and William met while teaching in Lewistown, Pennsylvania. Robert Frost was named, by his father, after the South's distinguished general, Robert E. Lee.Frost descended from a puritanic line from Maine and New Hampshire farmers, Revolutionary war soldiers, and public servants. William Frost hated New England and only stayed there until he graduated from Harvard College, with honors, in 1872. Afterwards, he headed to Pennsylvania where he met his wife and they moved on to the Golden Gate City.William Prescott Frost died of tuberculosis, in 1885, in San Francisco, when Robert was only eleven years old. In his will William left a request that his remains be taken back to his homeland, New Eng land, for burial.Robert FrostFrost, his mother, and sister, Jeanie, traveled across the continent to New England. The family settled in Salem, New Hampshire because they didn't have enough money to travel back home. While in Salem, Mrs. Frost made a living as a grammar school teacher which her children attended.Frost disliked studying and didn't read by himself until twelve years old suddenly became interested in learning while at high school. Frost attended Lawerence High School where he graduated as valedictorian and class poet in 1892. Then he enrolled at Dartmouth College, as freshmen but soon left insisting that he had had enough of scholarship.After leaving college, Frost tried various different ways to earn a living. He worked in mills in Lawerence, was a newspaper reporter, and taught school. Frost sold his first poem, The Butterfly...

Aristotle Essays (859 words) - Natural Philosophers, Free Essays

Aristotle Essays (859 words) - Natural Philosophers, Free Essays Aristotle Aristotle, Galileo, and Pasteur can be said to have contributed significantly, each in his own way, to the development of The Scientific Method. Discuss. What is the scientific method? In general, this method has three parts, which we might call (1) gathering evidence, (2) making a hypothesis, and (3) testing the hypothesis. As scientific methodology is practiced, all three parts are used together at all stages, and therefore no theory, however rigorously tested, is ever final, but remains at all times tentative, subject to new observation and continued testing by such observation. Hellenic science was built upon the foundations laid by Thales and Pythagoras. It reached its zenith in the works of Aristotle and Archimedes. Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) represents the first tradition, that of qualitative forms and teleology. He was, himself, a biologist whose observations of marine organisms were unsurpassed until the 19th century. Biology is essentially teleologicalthe parts of a living organism are understood in terms of what they do in and for the organismand Aristotle's biological works provided the framework for the science until the time of Charles Darwin. Aristotle was able to make a great deal of sense of observed nature by asking of any object or process: what is the material involved, what is its form and how did it get that form, and, most important of all, what is its purpose? What should be noted is that, for Aristotle, all activity that occurred spontaneously was natural. Hence, the proper means of investigation was observation. Experiment, that is, alte ring natural conditions in order to throw light on the hidden properties and activities of objects, was unnatural and could not, therefore, be expected to reveal the essence of things. However, the establishment of the importance of classifying knowledge and of observation as well as the introduction of the deductive method of reasoning can be taken as Aristotles most significant contributions to the scientific method. Even after the intellectual revolutions of centuries to follow, Aristotelian concepts and ideas remained embedded in Western thinking. The critical tradition of science began with Copernicus in the sixteenth century. It eventually led to the work of Galileo (1564-1642), which criticised the very roots of the Aristotelian world system. With the invention of the telescope Galileo, in quick succession, announced that there were mountains on the Moon, satellites circling Jupiter, and spots upon the Sun. Moreover, the Milky Way was composed of countless stars whose existence no one had suspected until Galileo saw them. Galileo attacked the problems of the Earth's rotation and its revolution by logical analysis. Bodies do not fly off the Earth because they are not really revolving rapidly, even though their speed is high. In revolutions per minute, any body on the Earth is going very slowly and, therefore, has little tendency to fly off. Bodies fall to the base of towers from which they are dropped because they share with the tower the rotation of the Earth. Hence, bodies already in motion preserve that motion when another motion is added. So, Galileo deduced, a ball dropped from the top of a mast of a moving ship would fall at the base of the mast. If the ball were allowed to move on a frictionless horizontal plane, it would continue to move forever. Hence, Galileo concluded, the planets, once set in circular motion, continue to move in circles forever. Therefore, Copernican orbits exist. Galileo never acknowledged Kepler's ellipses; to do so would have meant abandoning his solution to the Copernic an problem. Galileo's originality as a scientist lay in his method of inquiry. First he reduced problems to a simple set of terms on the basis of everyday experience and common-sense logic. Then he analyzed and resolved them according to simple mathematical descriptions. The success with which he applied this technique to the analysis of motion opened the way for modern mathematical and experimental physics. Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist. His discovery that most infectious diseases are caused by germs, known as the germ theory of disease, is one of the most important in medical history. Pasteur's phenomenal contributions to microbiology and medicine can be summarized as follows. First, he championed changes in hospital practices to minimize the spread of disease

Assets and Risk Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assets and Risk Management - Assignment Example SWOT is an analytical method that categorizes organizations internal factors that affect it. The steps used in this approach are, Identifying the strengths of the organization- the strengths of an organization are obtained by looking at the advantages, what the organization does well, what resources the organization accesses and what the people sees as the strengths. The weakness of an organization is looked at by looking at what should be improved in the organization, what the organization does poorly and what should be avoided that place the company at risk of losing its customers. The weaknesses are considered from an external and internal viewpoint by asking questions like, do people see weakness that the management does not see and are the organizations competitors doing any better than the latter? On doing this, the company notices its loophole and can go ahead in addressing the issues raised. The employee’s management in an organization looks deeply at a realistic opportunities that are ahead of them and the trends that are of interest to the entity. They ought to look at avenues where useful opportunities can result. Perfect examples include technological and market change on the broad and narrow scale, government policy related changes, social patterns and population changes and the local events too. To identify the threats of an organization, one has to know what obstacles they face, the progress of the competition. There is also a need to scrutinize whether there are any changing specifications, knowledge of any cash flow problems and knowing any other serious weaknesses that threaten the organization. The analysis helps in knowing what needs to be done and also by putting problems into perspectives thus identifying the threats. When carried out, this analysis often seems to be illuminating - this occurs both in terms of pinpointing what is

Financial Management. Evaluation of a company Coursework

Financial Management. Evaluation of a company - Coursework Example Rights issue by the companies refers to a corporate invitation to the existing shareholders of the company to buy additional new shares of the company. Cash-strapped companies generally turn to rights issue for raising finance from market for investments in business activates. The companies grant shareholders chance to buy new shares at a discount rate than current market of share on a pre mentioned future date. Investment banks do this activity for business for some percentage of banking percentage on total amount of issued fund. By issuing share, the companies give opportunity to the shareholders to increase their financial exposure by purchasing companies’ stocks at a discounted price. Investment banks conduct the necessary legal activities to issue new shares on behalf of the companies by taking banking fees. The can trade the issued rights on market in similar way they trade ordinary shares through stock exchange until the new shares are bought back by the companies. Theo retically, some traditional and efficient methods are used to evaluate capital investment in domestic as well as emerging foreign markets by businesses. But, capital investment is highly risk associated strategic business activity and the company needs to focus beyond the traditional methods of evaluating capital investments like net present value, internal rate of return, payback period etc. Emerging financial businesses like investment banking and financial research companies offers flawless capital investment solutions to many leading multinational organizations and they follow several advanced methodologies for evaluating proposed capital investment practices by the MNCs especially in emerging markets. The main objective to use beyond the traditional methods is to reduce future risk i.e. these methods helps to identify the maximum extent of risk possibilities and provide alternative solution to reduce the possible risk in substantial extent. One of the efficient methodologies fo r evaluating capital investment is Salomon-Smith-Barney Model. This methodology is widespread and efficient method used by leading investment banks to evaluate capital investments especially in the emerging markets for reducing risk of investment. This is one of the most recent developed methodologies for international capital investment and it was developed in 2002 by Zenner and Akaydin for leading US investment bank Salomon Smith Barney (Anson, 2011, p.488). This model is risk adjusted and modified extension of G-CAPM approach of capital valuation. In this methodology, different global factors and are considered with a high importance and regional factors are recommended as useless due to market inefficiency. This model mainly focuses on how risk possible risk can be identified in maximum extent and how it can be minimized. As this methodology is modified extension of G-CAPM approach, therefore, it has focused on key shortcomings of the approach. Having a main objective to reduce risk of foreign investment especially in emerging economy perspective, this methodology has focused on a key fact that emerging markets are not totally harbor specific and integrated restraint and complications which can justify a risk premium. The developer of this methodology added an idiosyncratic risk premium into the G-CAPM approach and extended that approach in a new form with high capability of risk indication and reduction. This methodology has

Mental Health Nursing Essay Example for Free

Mental Health Nursing Essay Case Study Report Jamelia I am so tired and drained. I feel as though my head is going to explode with all this pressure. You see I’ve been looking after my mother for a long time, she suffers from anxiety, the illness comes and goes, presenting itself periodically. Although I do worry about my mother I can usually deal with this, I have been for a long time but recently I’ve found myself worrying about my father as well. My father, usually a well presented and calm individual has been acting very strangely the past few weeks. I went round to visit my parents and check my mother was alright and he looked extremely unkempt, he looked as though he hadn’t shaved in a while, and he was wearing dirty clothes. I tried to keep things as light hearted as possible when I asked him why this was and out of nowhere he became extremely angry and defensive which is very unlike him. My mother has been telling me recently that she thinks he’s ‘losing his marbles’ as she puts it, but to be honest I just put this down to her own illness as this is often how it starts, my mother becomes worried about family members and friends when it’s really her who we need to worry about. I kind of put my father to the back of my mind for a few weeks and tried to concentrate on looking after my two children, which is a handful in itself, but then out of the blue at whatever time in the morning the phone rang, a police officer on the phone, she told me how my father had been found roaming around the street not an hour before, in his pyjamas no less. I was mortified, so angry at my father for his behaviour, but the police officer was very reassuring and advised me it might be a good idea to get in touch with my father’s GP, which I did and he put in a referral to the Community Psychiatric Nurse. I think he’s coming round during the week sometime to visit us. I honestly don’t know what else I can do, I am so stressed and run down by this whole thing I haven’t stopped crying, I just hope the CPN can do something to help, or at least give us some idea what the matter is so I can sleep at night. Community Psychiatric Nurse I received a referral from the GP recently asking for me to carry out an assessment on a Mr Hamed Khan who has been displaying behaviours that are a bit out of the ordinary, I also received a police report stating Mr Khan had been picked up for wandering around in his pyjamas in the early hours of the morning. There are many things that I have to rule out before I jump to the obvious conclusion which would be some kind of dementia, the rate at which I believe Mr Khan seems to have deteriorated at is staggering so if Mr Khan is suffering from dementia I would probably sway towards Lewy Body dementia, although, of course, I cannot make assumptions. I will wait until I meet with the family, i will ask them all questions, the majority will be aimed at Mr Khan to answer but I need to see it from everyone’s viewpoint and everyone will be entitled to join in any discussions we carry out providing Mr Khan is happy and willing for this to happen, then based on my observations and the answers i get from the family i will arrange some further tests to get a proper, medical diagnosis, if need be. Before i send Mr Khan for further assessment I will need to ensure a Urine Sample has been taken so we can rule out any kind of Urinary Tract Infection which could be the cause of any confusion Mr Khan has suffered from recently, this is quite often the case in older people they tend to get anxious and confused and this can, and often is mistaken for some kind of dementia. When I go out to visit the family i will ensure they are happy with having a male CPN, and I will meet all their requirements for this visit and all further visits, if necessary. Of course it won’t just be myself working to help the Khan family i will be just one member of a multi disciplinary team who will each have their own role in helping and supporting the Khan family. Sunita’s Needs Meeting Sunita’s needs is paramount in ensuring she is fulfilling her full potential. Sunita’s basic human needs have to be met. Sunita needs to feel loved, at the moment this may be lacking because everyone else is so worried about Hamed that Sunita may be being overlooked. Sunita needs to make sure she maintains her self-esteem, suffering from anxiety herself she needs to make sure she is looking after herself by making time for herself and not worrying about others too much. They say knowledge is power so it might empower Sunita if she was able to learn more about her anxiety, the causes, and all treatment options available so she can make a decision and choose how she would like to manage her illness. Sunita has the right to choose exactly what her own care plan will include, by getting involved in the whole process so it is geared to suit her as an individual and means she can still carry out activities she enjoys which can help her recovery. Hamed’s Needs No matter what the diagnosis Hamed’s needs are all very important, safety is extremely important particularly due to the night wandering and forgetfulness. Hamed needs to feel loved and respected as the head of the household regardless of his illness as this will help his self esteem, his appearance is an important part of this as well. As we have heard Hamed is normally well dressed and clean shaven, and we have to make sure this continues so Hamed still feels as normal as possible, a home carer may be an option to help Hamed get ready in the morning if he feels he would benefit from this. Every decision in relation to the care plan Hamed will be making himself as much as possible providing he is still able to do this and if not an advocate can be appointed, Hamed always has the right to choose. Hamed’s needs will be assessed using different tools of assessment, these could be shared activities, observations as well as meetings, using more than one method will ensure the care plan is as comprehensive as possible and meeting every need Hamed has, in a way he is happy with. Hamed’s physical needs will be met by encouraging him to continue doing physical activities he has enjoyed in the past. Socialising is a very important need, Hamed may be interested in going to a club or even attending a support group where he will meet and interact with people that he perhaps has something in common with. Stress factors for Jamelia There may be several different things which could be causing Jamelia to feel stressed. First of all she has to look after two young children with very little practical, hands on help from her husband. Jamelia also feels obligated to care for her mother when she is suffering from a bout of anxiety. Seeing someone you love and care for being distressed and worried is definitely going to be weighing on Jamelia’s mind. During the times when Sunita is unwell Jamelia is having to look after her mother as well as finding time to spend with her children which probably means Jamelia is feeling guilty, perhaps Jamelia feels she is neglecting her children because she has to look after her mother, all these conflicting emotions will cause a great deal of pressure on Jamelia. Even when Sunita is well, Jamelia has to deal with constant phone calls which may be waking her during the night, lack of sleep may be a contributing factor to the way Jamelia is feeling. As if this wasn’t enough for Jamelia to deal with she also now has to help with her father who is getting forgetful, confused and acting out of the ordinary. Hamed, who is normally a calm, strong man is changing in front of her eyes at an alarming rate, and is perhaps hard to recognise. Juggling so many things, Jamelia is probably not eating properly and not taking care of herself or making any time for herself. Support available for Jamelia, as a carer. There are many organisations out there who can offer practical and financial help to Jamelia as a carer. First of all Jamelia is entitled to a carer’s assessment. The law states that â€Å"anyone who provides or intends to provide a substantial amount of care on a regular basis can have a carer’s assessment. † A carers assessment will look at how Jamelia is affected by caring for her family, how much caring she can, practically, do while still having a life of her own, and having time for her children. There is also the option of getting someone else to care for Hamed and Sunita if and when Jamelia needs a break this can be in form of respite care, which comes in many different forms, for example, residential care where Hamed and Sunita can go for a short stay in a residential nursing home, as well as being good for Jamelia it could help meet the social side of Hamed and Sunita’s care plan as they will be meeting other people. There are day-sitting services which can be used for a couple of hours during the day, giving Jamelia a break, or a night- sitting service helping Jamelia get a proper night’s sleep. Financial help is available to help fund this particular help from local authorities and local councils in form of vouchers or direct payments. Word Count – 1675.

george washington :: essays research papers

On April 30, 1789, George Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, took his oath of office as the first President of the United States. "As the first of every thing, in our situation will serve to establish a Precedent," he wrote James Madison, "it is devoutly wished on my part, that these precedents may be fixed on true principles." Born in 1732 into a Virginia planter family, he learned the morals, manners, and body of knowledge requisite for an 18th century Virginia gentleman. He pursued two intertwined interests: military arts and western expansion. At 16 he helped survey Shenandoah lands for Thomas, Lord Fairfax. Commissioned a lieutenant colonel in 1754, he fought the first skirmishes of what grew into the French and Indian War. The next year, as an aide to Gen. Edward Braddock, he escaped injury although four bullets ripped his coat and two horses were shot from under him. From 1759 to the outbreak of the American Revolution, Washington managed his lands around Mount Vernon and served in the Virginia House of Burgesses. Married to a widow, Martha Dandridge Custis, he devoted himself to a busy and happy life. But like his fellow planters, Washington felt himself exploited by British merchants and hampered by British regulations. As the quarrel with the mother country grew acute, he moderately but firmly voiced his resistance to the restrictions. When the Second Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia in May 1775, Washington, one of the Virginia delegates, was elected Commander in Chief of the Continental Army. On July 3, 1775, at Cambridge, Massachusetts, he took command of his ill-trained troops and embarked upon a war that was to last six grueling years. He realized early that the best strategy was to harass the British. He reported to Congress, "we should on all Occasions avoid a general Action, or put anything to the Risque, unless compelled by a necessity, into which we ought never to be drawn." Ensuing battles saw him fall back slowly, then strike unexpectedly. Finally in 1781 with the aid of French allies--he forced the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. Washington longed to retire to his fields at Mount Vernon. But he soon realized that the Nation under its Articles of Confederation was not functioning well, so he became a prime mover in the steps leading to the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia in 1787.

The Sensation of Longing in Ernest Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast

His writings and his life was widely known because of the pain that he had experienced through his experiences in the World War, his alcoholism, three divorces, mental illness, self-destructive nature and finally his suicide (Tyler 2).However, more than all of these pains that were present in his life, his legacy would still be known for the quality of his writing. He was a great artist. He painted in the readers’ imaginations as if they were blank canvasses with vivid pictures through the beauty and clarity of his words.The novel was published in 1964, three years after he took his own life. It gave a unique account of the life of Hemingway from his perspective. He was a young writer in Paris. The novel was set at a time wherein he was still married to his first wife, Hadley. They were happy and contented despite the fact that they were poor.The text revealed how Hemingway at that time still wrote for the Toronto newspaper to support his career. The account included how he to ok Hadley and his money to the horse races wherein he frequently placed bets.Hemingway was addicted to gambling as it earned him some huge amounts of money. While he quite gambling later on his life, he still enjoyed going to motorcycle races.He decided to give up journalism to be able to write full time. He and his wife were in a level of poverty wherein they often went hungry. There were parts in the novel wherein he described walking along Siene to watch men fish and going to the Louvre just to curb his hunger. There was even a time wherein the couple could not afford to hire a babysitter for their child that they had left him in his crib with only the cat to look after him.Hemingway also described how the lending library saved his life. Since he had difficulty finding books that were written in English during that time, he found himself often frustrated when he could not find any decent English materials. During the time he was working on his first collection of short stories, h e was reading the Russian greats.In An Immoveable Feast, Hemingway had let the readers see his writing process in distinct detail. The readers saw him as he first wrote in a hotel room, by which he had rented for the purpose for writing. He also started writing in cafà ©s when his finances started to pick up. Readers could visualize him as a writer in the cafà ©s of Paris because of the quality by which he had written his account.He had the habit of finishing his writing even when ideas were still freely flowing. He probably did it to avoid writer’s block the next day. He also had this stripped down approach to his writing wherein he would meticulously spend the day revising a paragraph he had wrote to make it as bare as possible.There was a time wherein his wife had placed all of his manuscripts in a suitcase to bring it to him in Switzerland. The suitcase was stole on the train but Hemingway dealt with it despite having to write from scratch.He also wrote about the other expatriate writers who were living in Paris. He described them in great details. One particular character in this novel was Gertrude Stein wherein Hemingway described to be known for her painting collection as well as her hunger for fame.He mentioned how she would dismiss in a childish manner anyone who did not praise her for her work. During her parties, Stein’s partner would socialize with the females and she would talk to the men. Despite this Hemingway was friends with Stein until the time she started driving her close friends away for some reason.He had numerous encounters with the great writers and famous people of that time. Hemingway noted how it was special for him to eat at Michaud’s in his first year in Paris. It was the times wherein he would get to speak in Italian with his wife and James Joyce as they ate there.There was an instance at the Closerie des Lilas, a cafà © often visited by professors, wherein Hemingway did not like how Ford Madox Ford frequen tly interrupted him. He even went on to describe Ford as someone with an unpleasant appearance and with an inability to hold a sane conversation.Hemingway also featured Ezra Pound whom he characterized as a saintly man. He was someone who supported the arts. He showed this in the way he bought his friends’ paintings even if they had little to no resale value. He also helped other writers. He was the one who founded Bel Espirit to raise funds in order to support T.S. Eliot even as he quit his bank job.The end of the book had a sense that everything was downhill for Hemingway from there. They moved to an Austrian ski resort wherein he revised The Sun Also Rises. It was during this time wherein he was gaining money and fame wherein he took on his first extramarital affair. Hemingway had created this personal memoir and captured the essence of the time and place by which he had experienced and lived. This was done in a nostalgic manner without having an hint of false sentimentali ty in it.Ernest Hemingway and his MemoirThe Lost Paris ManuscriptsHemingway had often used his personal painful and traumatic experiences even in his works of fiction. Hemingway viewed writing and trauma to be â€Å"inextricably linked; trauma provided material for his writing and writing provided a therapeutic outlet for trauma† (Seal 62). He had always referred to a traumatic experience repeatedly, the one wherein his life had lost most of his Paris manuscripts in 1922. It was mentioned in the works published works after his death that included A Moveable Feast, Islands in the Stream, The Garden of Eden, and True at First Light.The posthumously published writing that was published had revealed enormous aspects of Hemingway’s psyche that he was not able to share publicly. In his account, the way he had often mentioned the loss of Paris manuscripts showed the readers how he was struggling to deal with the trauma of loss.

Heavy Drug Usage: Why Some Individuals Have More Addiction Over Others Essay

In order to understand why some individuals are more addictive than others, we need to look at the issue of addiction in our country’s usage of cocaine, crack, or methamphetamine. We also need to look at their dependency on them, and why some addictions carry more weight for some than for others. Heavy drug use is the highest among youth and young adolescents   especially young males   which is presently at its highest level in 9 years for that age, according to the 2006 PRIDE statistics. (PRIDE, 2006). According to their surveys, the fourth grade and the ninth grade were the highest users of heavy drugs (i. . other drugs or illicit drugs), even though they had a more difficult time getting them than the older adolescents. Marijuana is a minor drug, but one that the majority of drug users begin with to start the addictive path. Addiction begins in the brain, with the brainstem considered as the most primitive part of our body, controlling the heart rate, inhalation and exhaling, and resting. How drugs influence this area in regard to addiction is because the drug particle is similar in size and shape to natural neurotransmitters. Once they lock into the brain, they begin to release neurotransmitters. More and more â€Å"drugs† once entered into the brain will lock and release, with more and more neurotransmitters that become unnatural flooding into the brain. Many of the illegal drugs – – nicotine, crack, crank, cocaine, and marijuana – – affect the limbic system of the brain, which is the â€Å"reward† system, responding to pleasurable experiences by releasing dopamine, the main creator of pleasurable feelings or simply â€Å"feeling good†. Excess drugs will bring on a â€Å"drug high† or overdosing. Without addictions, there would not be serious drug usage for any individual. Addictions cause the â€Å"I have to have it† feeling that originally began as an minor experiment or a fun thing to do. As the body and mind becomes dependant on the drug for a good feeling, it eventually needs more and more in the system to maintain that feeling of goodness, until the craving becomes a number one obsession – – with the level of craving depending on the type of drug used. According to the American Heritage English Dictionary, the word addiction means, â€Å"Compulsive physiological and psychological need for a habit-forming substance,† or â€Å"The condition of being habitually or compulsively occupied with or involved in something. This compulsion or addiction has ruined many lives, with drug incarceration in the U. S. the highest it ever has been, with an increase in 35% since 1995. (Colson, 2006, pg 2). Addictions begin because drugs are considered â€Å"the painkillers of physical and emotional pain. † Not everyone becomes addicted because not everyone is unhappy, has physical or emotional pain, or lives with huge amounts of unsolvable problems. But the foremost causes of addiction in youth or adolescents are also peer pressure, manipulation, or boredom, with other factors being included. There are three theories why addictions occur in someone: the first is the â€Å"biochemical† predisposition where some people react different than others do, regardless of the situation; the second theory is the â€Å"disease concept† where addiction is considered an inherited disease, where the individual is permanently ill at a genetic level; and the third theory is that addiction is a â€Å"mental weakness or flaw†, where a person can overcome it through will-power or mental processes – – another part of this theory is that of â€Å"falling from grace†, where recovery comes from a higher power. But so far, none of these theories have proved correct, which is why they are still theories. Kids continue using drugs because the feelings of unhappiness or hopelessness are buried by drug usage when using them. The addiction becomes the only way of life to live for someone to experience â€Å"happiness† or to feel â€Å"pleasure† – – anyway, as long as the money holds out for the drug purchases. If not, theft and selling drugs will begin another way of life for them to support their habit. After that, prison or death is the next and final level. Different levels of addictions are experienced by different individuals, because people are different: they are mentally and physically different; their life experiences are different; their values and ethics are different; and their problems or happiness are on different levels. Because of this, peer pressure and powers of persuasion affects different people in different ways. Peer pressure has a lot to do with influencing youth to begin using drugs of any kind. After all, nobody wants to look like they don’t belong, do they? Combined with the power of persuasion, an unhappy individual with lots of problems or filled with boredom cannot fight against it, as it promises a false sense of happiness that does not really exist, yet they still believe it is the easy way out. Self-concept of an individual has a lot to do with the usage of drugs and is considered the most vital ingredient in a happy and content individual. Once this begins to go down, drug usage and depression have an open door, as it falsely raises the lowered self-esteem. By keeping this part of the personality up, peer pressure and manipulation won’t have such a hold on the individual. To develop peer pressure, the individual needs to have friends or a group they run with – – or seek to belong to – – by doing things that goes against their personal moral beliefs, such as using drugs for the first time. Individuals who do not care what others think, will not be influenced on the same level of peer pressure. To impress someone, these peer groups exert a lot of influence over prospective new members, forcing them to conform to the group standards. Adolescent peer pressure has always been referred to in a harmful undertone, causing members to become involved in destructive behavior, such as using alcohol or drugs. Peer pressure or drug pushers use the power of persuasion as a marketing tool to obtain desire results. New members are prodded, manipulated, and debased by peer groups to do things they never would have done before, working against an individual’s vulnerable inability to fight against it. Once the individual is on the drugs, it usually is a one-way street to nowhere. Culture and social beliefs come into play with what is accepted as normal in a certain segment of society. Various racial or ethnic groups may hold specific morals, ethics, or biases about certain things that will affect what they consider normal or abnormal. But recent developments in our professional field over the past ten years or so have found that each culture has its own strengths, limitations, and differences – – yet that does not mean they are unequal to another race or culture as they were previously judged by courts, laws, and professionals. Prior to 1990, the U. S. began to undergo a lot of radical demographic changes with diverse populations. Unfortunately, drug usage began to go up with these changes, as it was not considered as abnormal in their own countries as here. When President Reagan began his drug war in October of 1982, certain segments of society, based on certain cultures, felt they were being targeted. But prior to that, society had already set the scene against drugs, â€Å"In 1982, when the drug war began, the recreational use of illegal drugs was in decline. Tonry points out that in 1982, surveys conducted by the National Institute on Drug Abuse showed significant drops in drug usage over long periods for a wide range of age groups. This decline impacted the use of both legal and illegal substances. For example, the percentages of respondents 18 to 25 years of age reporting marijuana use during the preceding year dropped by approximately 15% between 1979 and 1982, and continued to decline sharply throughout the decade of the 80s. Reported use of cocaine by the same age group also dropped by approximately 15% between 1979 and 1982, and continued to decline throughout the decade. Finally, 18 to 25 year olds who reported using alcohol during the preceding year rose only slightly from 1979 to 1982, but also declined sharply following a peak in 1985. According to Tonry, these statistics ‘signal a broadly based and widely shared change in American attitudes toward the ingestion of dangerous or unhealthy substances that can have little to do with the deterrent effects of law enforcement strategies or criminal sanctions. ‘ Consequently, Reagan’s declaration of war tapped into a growing public sentiment against illegal drug use. (Nunn, 2006). Drug efficacy is the power of a drug to produce a desire effect, or its effectiveness. Another meaning is the treatment against the drug users; â€Å"medical professionals have called for a greater emphasis on treatment for drug users rather than incarceration and felony convictions that made it hard for former users to get their lives on track. † (Connecticut News, 2005). The prisons are already over-crowded, and the drug usage does not seem to be getting any better. The drugs alcohol and marijuana are considered â€Å"gateways† to the heavier drugs or more addictive substances. Under the newer laws where non-violent events are punished with prison terms, and the youth or adolescent individual is convicted of these minor drugs, they carry a lifetime of punishment that prevents them from getting on with their lives. They feel the mistake stays with them the rest of their life, so why quit anyway? Professionals feel that because of this attitude, better treatment instead of prison or jail punishment needs to be the number one choice; due to the fact the United States has a highest population of their own citizens in prison than any other industrialized nation. (Nunn, 2006). Bibliography http://www.pridesurveys.com/customercenter/ue05ns.pdf http://www.socialistworker.org/2006-2/613/613_02_Prison.shtml http://academic.udayton.edu/race/03justice/crime09.htm

10 Facts About the Geography of Baja California

10 Facts About the Geography of Baja California Baja California is a state in northern Mexico, the westernmost in the country. It encompasses an area of 27,636 square miles (71,576 sq km) and borders the Pacific Ocean on the west; Sonora, Arizona, and the Gulf of California on the east; Baja California Sur to the south; and California to the north. By area, Baja California is the 12th largest state in Mexico, which has 31 states and one federal district. Mexicali is the capital of Baja California, and more than 75 percent of the population lives in that city or in Ensenada or Tijuana. Other large cities in Baja California include San Felipe, Playas de Rosarito, and Tecate. Baja, California Facts The following is a list of 10 geographic facts to know about Baja California: It is believed that people first settled on the Baja Peninsula around 1,000 years ago and that the region was dominated by a few Native American groups. Europeans did not reach the area until 1539.Control of Baja California shifted between various groups in its early history, and it was not admitted into Mexico as a state until 1952. In 1930, the Baja California peninsula was divided into northern and southern territories. However, in 1952, the northern region (everything above the 28th parallel) became the 29th state of Mexico, while southern areas remained as a territory.The dominant ethnic groups in the state are white/European and Mestizo, or mixed Native American and European. Native Americans and East Asians also make up a large percentage of the states population.Baja California is divided into five municipalities. They are Ensenada, Mexicali, Tecate, Tijuana, and Playas de Rosarito.As a peninsula, Baja California is surrounded by water on three sides with borders on the Pacif ic Ocean and the Gulf of California. The state also has diverse topography but it is divided in the middle by the Sierra de Baja California, the Peninsular Ranges. The largest of these ranges are the Sierra de Juarez and the Sierra de San Pedro Martir. The highest point of these ranges and of Baja California is Picacho del Diablo at 10,157 feet (3,096 m). Between the mountains of the Peninsular Ranges are various valley regions that  are rich in agriculture. However, the mountains also play a role in Baja Californias climate, as the western portion of the state is mild due to its presence near the Pacific Ocean, while the eastern portion lies on the leeward side of the ranges and is arid through much of its area. The Sonoran Desert, which also runs into the United States, is in this area.Baja California is extremely biodiverse along its coasts. The Gulf of California and Baja Californias shores are home to one-third of Earths marine mammal species. California sea lions live on the states islands, while various types of whales, including the blue whale, breed in the regions waters.The main sources of water for Baja California are  the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers. The Colorado River naturally empties into the Gulf of California, but because of upstream uses, it rarely reaches the area. The rest of the states water comes from wells a nd dams, but clean drinking water is a big issue in the region. Baja California  has 32 universities with 19 serving as research centers in fields such as physics, oceanography, and aerospace.Baja California also has a strong economy and is 3.3 percent  of Mexicos gross domestic product. This is mainly through manufacturing in the form of maquiladoras. Tourism and service industries are also large fields in the state.

How to Write a Research Paper on Global Warming

How to Write a Research Paper on Global Warming Research Paper on Global Warming How to start a research paper on global warming Tips on how to start Example of an outline Example of a thesis Example of a global warming research paper introduction How to write body paragraphs for a research paper on global warming Tips on body writing Example of the 1st body paragraph Example of the 2nd body paragraph Example of the 3rd body paragraph How to finish a research paper on global warming Tips on conclusion writing Example of a conclusion Tips on research paper revision How to start a research paper on global warming Starting a research paper on global warming is not an easy task. It involves gathering specific scientific data over a long period of time in order to have the necessary facts for proving the impacts and effects of climate change. Global warming is not observable in only short amounts of time. This is why making a research paper on global warming involves the gathering of evidences from history and past events that were involved in the general climate of an environment. Tips on how to start Gather scientific evidences of global warming by sifting through environmental research done in the past. Look for facts pointing to the statement that you want to present. Make sure that you have a focus on a study so that you will be precise and concise on your point. Create an outline so you will be able to follow a structure for your research paper. Use online and offline sources as global warming statistics are available upon only the existing records. Example of an outline In creating an outline, you need to prepare concise and simple information. It should be flexible enough to accommodate your points of comparison and research facts. The structure of your outline should be solid enough to emphasize your statement and give the reader the proper material for gaining a comprehension of your chosen topic. INTRODUCTION/THESIS STATEMENT I. FIRST MAIN TOPIC/STATEMENT a. EXAMPLE OR INTERESTING FACT ABOUT FIRST MAIN TOPIC/STATEMENT b. SUPPORTING RESEARCH II. SECOND MAIN TOPIC/STATEMENT a. EXAMPLE OR INTERESTING FACT ABOUT SECOND MAIN TOPIC/STATEMENT b. SUPPORTING RESEARCH III. THIRD MAIN TOPIC/STATEMENT a. EXAMPLE OR INTERESTING FACT ABOUT THIRD MAIN TOPIC/STATEMENT b. SUPPORTING RESEARCH A good example of how an outline can be organized is this one. I. Throughout our past, evidences of global warming due to human activity have slowly emerged and now, it is a crisis that is openly known to the public but ways of battling it successfully are yet to emerge. 1. The natural greenhouse effect of the planet has a natural rhythm and balance, however, human activity has caused subtle to major effects towards our atmosphere 2. There are changes in weather patterns causing different types of weather anomalies (e.g. wild hurricanes, long droughts). 3. The trend of global temperatures increasing. II. The reasons that are fast-tracking the impacts and effects of global warming are related to the growth of the human population and the increased need for: 1. Fossil fuels for energy 2. Land for shelters, cities, and other forms of settlements. 3. Manufactured and processed foods III. The consequences of our environment-destructive human activities have caused global warming to be felt throughout the world. 1. Sea levels are rising globally, putting major coastal human settlements to great risks. 2. The ice is melting in the Arctic regions of the world due to the warming of the entire globe (a) Concerns of flooding in human populated areas (b) Decreased land to settle on 3. Crops are being affected also by global warming (a) there is less land present to be farmed on 4. Flatlands are drying up 5. Unnatural weather anomalies are destroying crops. IV. There are methods in which people can choose to help to slow down climate change. 1. Find alternative forms and sources of energy 2. Conserve the use of fossil fuels and create renewable sources of electricity 3. Utilize recyclable products 4. Planting of trees and plants to help restore the status of atmosphere Example of a thesis The thesis statement of the paper is like a concise and simple form of presenting your main idea. The introduction gives the reader a general idea of what they are going to read in the paper. As such, it goes at the beginning of your paper; below is a possible example: Global warming is an issue that is currently faced by the entire planet, and humanity needs to consciously tackle it in order to save the species and the planet from destruction. This thesis statement properly delivers a pair of ideas that will be the focus of the research. The first statement implies location, while the second implies an act or a methodology to how you are going to work in your research. Example of a global warming research paper introduction With your thesis statement, you can now provide general knowledge and description of the facts that you will be presenting. The introduction should radiate a welcoming vibe to it in order to attract the reader’s attention. Here is an example: Global warming is an issue that is currently faced by the entire planet, and humanity needs to consciously tackle it in order to save the species and the planet from destruction. Global warming, which is also called the greenhouse effect, is a subject that has acquired much attention among media and government institutions in the recent years. However, many among the population are not aware of climate changes as an impactful event among our modern times. Global warming has impacted many livelihoods of people living in different areas and its effects are accelerating due to human activities that contribute to global climate change. The growth of the population have its demands and increased use of fossil fuels means of manufacturing and processing. All of these are factors in increased emissions into the atmosphere which in turn increases global warming. It is advisable to wait until you have finished the body of your essay before finalizing your introduction or thesis statement. How to write body paragraphs for a research paper on global warming Writing body paragraphs of your research paper should involve arduous research and gathering of data. After all, global warming is a topic that is greatly understood through science and its hard earned facts and statistics. Gathering info should involve the use of local material and internet resources. It is good when writing a research paper to widen the scope of your study in order to provide the reader a comprehensive presentation of your data. Widening your perspective helps the reader understand your main thesis but try not to lose track of the focus of your research paper. Tips on body writing First, decide what kind of information you absolutely want to include in your essay. These topics are the main pillars of your essay. For each of these main pillars you need supporting research and evidence to hold them up; so for each topic you need to have at least one source that backs your assertions. The contents of the body should be supported the conclusion. Do not forget to make your composition logically organized. Make use of credible research resources and choose relevant facts. Example of the 1st body paragraph The reasons that are fast-tracking the impacts and effects of global warming are related to the growth of the human population and the increased need for resources and modes of production that are harmful to the atmosphere and the general environment. Human beings harness fossil fuels for energy which greatly increases the amount of carbon emissions that cause the greenhouse effect. The utilization Land for shelters, cities, and other forms of settlements decreases the land that is supposed to harbor plants and trees that are supposed to balance the state of the air and thus promoting the balance within the atmosphere. Modern manufacturing methods and the demand for processed foods also increase the rate of global warming due to the un-environment friendly modes of its mass production. Example of the 2nd body paragraph The consequences of our environment-destructive human activities have caused global warming to be felt throughout the world. Sea levels are rising globally, putting major coastal human settlements to great risks. The ice is melting in the Arctic regions of the world due to the warming of the entire globe which makes way for concerns of flooding in human populated areas, decreased land to settle on and food supplies through crops are being affected also by global-warming. There is less land present to be farmed on due to the fact that flatlands are drying up and unnatural weather anomalies are destroying crops like the tropical storms that rage on the South-eastern parts of Asia such as the Philippines and Indonesia. Example of the 3rd body paragraph However, all hope is not lost. There are methods in which people can choose to help to slow down climate change. The human population can find alternative forms and sources of energy. They can limit conserve and limit the use of fossil fuels and create renewable sources of electricity. The general population can be taught to utilize recyclable products. Planting of trees and plants also help restore the status of atmosphere and the overall well being of the planet. How to finish a research paper on global warming The conclusion should act along the line of summing up everything you have already told your readers. Its a good idea to touch base briefly on all of your main pillars once more before you finish; this is the place to do that. You can also include a message or an inspiration to the reader and a recommendation for what to do with the research. Remember that all the sample that are here in this article are only examples and convey a basic structure or a plain base for your global warming research paper. Tips on conclusion writing Briefly restate the main points that you have touched in your paper. Make sure that your conclusion is in line with your thesis statement. Use the facts and data that you have to conclude something which will be meaningful to the reader. Connect the components of your research and provide the knowledge to why it is relevant. Don’t forget to provide a recommendation or a practical idea that will help your reader not only gain but also digest the message or findings of your global warming research paper. Example of a conclusion The impacts and effects of climate changes have altered many lives and continue to degrade the status of the planet; many lives have been lost and there is a risk to all existing life in the present. It also has a large negative impact on the economy. However, all hope is not lost. There are methods in which people can choose to help to slow down climate change. The human population can find alternative forms and sources of energy. They can limit conserve and limit the use of fossil fuels and create renewable sources of electricity. The general population can be taught to utilize recyclable products. Planting of trees and plants also help restore the status of atmosphere and the overall well-being of the planet. Tips on research paper revision Follow what the teacher wants, you only need to please their perspective. Simultaneously, include in your paper what you truly want to express through the research material you have acquired. You have to integrate the research paper with the format that your instructor is asking for. Always follow the recommendations of your teacher as they are knowledgeable about how to improve your writing.

Encouraging Communication Channels Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Encouraging Communication Channels - Assignment Example However, Hentry Fayol added three more functions, co-ordination, motivation and communication (Reddy, 2004). This present essay is going to examine specific aspects of management in relation to construction industry. Young Engineering and Construction Company (YECC) is a medium sized company that deals in engineering works as well as construction works, it is located in New York City where it carries out its operations. The company has undertaken several works and it is reputed for its good work, though it is still yet to undertake major works. Observation was made about the working environment the company for a period of five days. The aim of the observation was meant to record and examine the way the communication is carried out in the company. The observation made, resulted in the following findings. Communication is a very important instrument in any organization. It is even more important in the in the construction industry as clear messages have to be send and received to avoid miscommunication that can be very costly. Murray and DiCroce (2003) notes that for a company to be successful the management structure has to have very effective communication strategies, this relate to employee in the organization. Good organization working environment calls for a high level of effectiveness in the communication. When communication is rightly used in an organization it motivates the employees. However when communication is poor it will always demoralize the workers. It was observed that the company uses various approaches of communication, for instance, it uses written notices to pass information about impending meetings that the company holds regularly.

Negative effects of technology in education Research Paper

Negative effects of technology in education - Research Paper Example One of the most fundamental golden rules that have to be observed when using technology in education is that moderation is everything and this is because of the fact that technology can easily be overused within the classroom, and this can cause a negative effect on the entire learning experience. It is true that some of these effects are already being seen from student texting and internet usage during class and there are also increased prevalence of plagiarism for coursework and general deficiency of respect for accurate language usage particularly when writing essays. This is a clear indicator of the consequences that technology usually has on the intellectual abilities of the current generation and is a display of the overall power of the internet. According to David Gelernter, â€Å"computers are our worst educational nightmares come true.† While it is a fact that independent thought has greatly been encouraged through the reading of books and has ensured the development of new ideas, this ability would be immensely diminished if there were no books in the world because it is only through the study of old ideas that new ideas are developed. Technology that is used in education, such as the internet will inevitably lead to the extinction of books from the education system because it is the source of plenty of information. However, despite the large reserves of information within this technology, the internet does not have the qualities which books have because most of the information gotten from it is often instant and shallow. The internet does not allow individuals to contemplate on the information which they have just received, as books do and the lack of independent thought because of the absence of books is likely to put the human race into a dark age of intellectual stagnation. The ability to think through the study of the previous work of scholars is what has helped the academic advancement of many children in the past and the inability to thi nk and the reliance on shallow sources of information such as the internet is likely to see the end of the academic system as we know it. Students are able to learn about their past from books and with this knowledge, the take action to avoid the mistakes of their past. The use of technology in education has to be moderated because it is a fact that books have been and still are the most credible source of academic information for centuries, and without books, one would conclude that there can be no history. Gelenter further states that â€Å"teaching children to understand the orderly unfolding of a plot or argument is a critical part of education and this is why the study of stories and arguments is only possible through books and because of the developing lack of interest in them, slowly but surely, students are likely to end up without a culture of analyzing their environment. This can clearly be seen when most of the children today prefer watching television, playing video gam es and even social networking on the internet to having intellectual discussions. The power of the media has become so great that many students in the education system do not have the will, or the inclination, to live a different sort of life. When individual students are asked what they learned